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KMID : 0603920210290030137
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Journal of Korean Academy of Occupational Therapy
2021 Volume.29 No. 3 p.137 ~ p.154
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Development of a Physical and Cognitive Function Measure for Older Adults: A Delphi Study
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Bae Su-Yeong
Gang Mi-Yeong
Hong Ick-Pyo
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Abstract
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Purpose: The purpose of this study is to develop items used in assessment tools to evaluate the health functions inolder adults.
Methods: The research process consists of four stages: the first stage was a question extraction, the second stagewas matching the extracted questions to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)models, the third stage was a Delphi investigation of cognitive and physical function evaluation items, and thefourth stage was a cognitive interview survey of groups of experts. In the first stage, panel surveys from China,Japan, and Korea were used to extract cognitive and physical health assessment items. The panel surveys usedwere the 2013 China Health and Retirement Survey, 2013 Japanese Study of Aging and Retirement, and the 2012Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging. In the second stage, three researchers matched the extracted items withsub-items of the ICF model, and in the third stage, we used the Delphi method to investigate the suitability of thesecond stage process. A total of 10 researchers and clinicians (one Chinese and one Japanese) participated in theDelphi survey, which was conducted through e-mail from May 1, 2021 to June 15, 2021. The Delphi surveyproduced the content validity and stability values of the evaluation items. Afterwards, three experts were selectedto conduct the cognitive interviews.
Results: From the 3 national panel surveys, 67 items related to physical and cognitive function were extracted. Asa result of the Delphi survey, nine items had construct validity values of less than 0.8, and these items wereremoved from the item pool. In addition, the stability of the items was less than 0.5. As the final items, 59 itemswere selected and consisted of 13 cognitive function items, 9 basic activities of daily living items, 9 instrumentalactivities of daily living items, 23 other activity items, and 5 physical function items.
Conclusion: In this study, we extracted survey items from three national panel surveys to create an item pool thatcan evaluate the health functions for older adults, and examined the content validity and stability. This study issignificant in that the evaluation items were extracted to evaluate the health function of older adults from theperspective of an occupational therapist. The validated survey items can be used as a basis for the developmentof assessment tools that can evaluate the health functions of older people based on the ICF model.
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KEYWORD
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Health function measure, Older adults, Delphi method
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